the parallel electric fields in time-domain structures

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### the parallel electric fields in time-domain structures

F. S. Mozer1, O. Agapitov1,4, V. Krasnoselskikh2, S. Lejosne1, G. D. Reeves3, and I. Roth1
1Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
2Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace (LPC2E), CNRS, Orleans 45171, France
3Space and Atmospheric Sciences Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
4Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
Direct Observation of Radiation-Belt Electron Acceleration from Electron-Volt Energies to Megavolts by Nonlinear Whistlers
Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 035001 – Published 14 July 2014
the studies described in this Letter that show, for the first time, both that low energy electrons can be accelerated up to keV energies by the parallel electric fields in time-domain structures and that such keV electrons can be further accelerated to relativistic energies via the whistler mode resonance even though their initial energies are significantly less than   100 keV .
The data in this Letter were collected on May 2, 2013 on Van Allen probe B (VAP-B) by the electric field experiment [8], the magnetic field experiment [9], and the Energetic particle, Composition, and Thermal plasma (RBSP-ECT) Suite experiments [10–12]. The spacecraft was at a magnetic latitude of 2°, a magnetic local time of midnight, and a geocentric radial distance of 5.8 Earth radii during these measurements.
Собственно более интересная вторая статья, про начальный механизм ускорения тепловых электронов до килоэлектронвольт.
Весьма нетривиально, да и вся схема ускорения электронов до немыслимых энергий буквально рукой подать от Земли тоже.
Для широких масс тут попытались изложить
https://www.americanscientist.org/issues/id.16232,y.0,no.,content.true,page.1,css.print/issue.aspx
a twofold process likely governs the acceleration of particles to high speeds in the Van Allen belts. Initially, very short duration pulses of electric field in the belts can accelerate the particles somewhat. After that, the particles are of the correct energy to be in resonance with a type of electromagnetic wave called a whistler that is generated by lightning discharges in the atmosphere. Several interactions with the whistler waves can kick the particles up to great energy levels.
По-русски "вислер волна" называется геликонной волной, хорошо известный феномен в физике твердого тела, особенно в
ее разделе магнетизма, о да.
http://ufn.ru/ufn71/ufn71_2/Russian/r712b.pdf